Correfocs are more than a festive custom—they’re a vibrant outburst of Catalan spirit through fire, music, and dance. Each year, Catalonia’s towns and cities transform into dynamic stages where sparks soar and drums echo with energy. This celebration transcends major festivals and summer evenings. Correfocs, or fire-runs, are a shared surge of joy, a moment to embrace community as fire doesn’t burn but illuminates, connects, and celebrates. A dynamic festival that ties us to our roots, proving tradition is alive, pulsating, and genuine. Prepare for the correfocs: a ritual where passion, fire, and festivity blend into an unforgettable experience. Correfocs: What Are They? A correfoc is a dynamic street performance where participants, dressed as devils or fantastical creatures, parade and dance amidst the flames of their own pyrotechnic tools—like sparklers, Catherine wheels, or sceptres. Accompanied by the powerful, rhythmic beats of drummers, the atmosphere is charged with energy. It’s not merely a show to observe; it’s an immersive experience. The scent of gunpowder, the roar of firecrackers and drums, the glow of sparks lighting up the night, and the closeness of dancing devils create a full sensory overload. The crowd often joins in, dancing and running beneath the sparks (with care!), becoming part of the celebration. A Tradition of Fire and Festivity: The History of Correfocs in Catalonia Though the term “correfoc” is relatively modern −it gained traction in the late 1970s−, its origins trace back to medieval Catalonia. The roots lie in street theatre from the Middle Ages, particularly the “entremesos” performed during Corpus Christi processions. These representations often depicted the battle between Good and Evil, with devils as key figures. The Ball de Diables, or Devil’s Dance, is the clearest link to these beginnings. Documented as far back as the 12th century, these dances featured demonic characters engaging with the crowd, often using basic fire elements. Over time, these performances evolved with societal and cultural shifts. After the Franco dictatorship, the return of democracy sparked a revival of Catalan traditions and street festivals. In this era, the Ball de Diables transformed into the correfoc: a bolder, more interactive, and visually striking event where fire and revelry take the spotlight. It swiftly became a cornerstone of Catalonia’s Festes Majors (town festivals) across the region. Devils of the Correfoc: Dancing Between Inferno and Celebration The true stars of the correfoc are the devils. Organized into “colles” or groups, each village or neighbourhood boasts its own troupe, complete with unique costumes and flair. Far from frightening, these infernal figures, the devils of the correfoc invite you to join the revelry with their vibrant energy and mesmerizing fire dances. Their attire, typically made of sackcloth or heavy cotton to shield against sparks, is adorned with motifs of hell, nature, or local symbols. Masks, painted faces, and horns are signature features. Key figures like Lucifer, the leader, or the Diablessa often stand out, wielding ornate sceptres and guiding the group. Yet, the devils don’t perform alone. They’re joined by fire beasts—mythical or real creatures like dragons, snakes, or eagles that spew flames—and, crucially, drummers. The relentless, booming rhythm of the drums is the heartbeat of the correfoc, driving the devils’ movements, urging the crowd to dance, and crafting a primal, electrifying atmosphere that captivates instantly.The Most Dazzling Correfocs in Catalonia While nearly every major festival in Catalonia features a correfoc, some stand out for their grandeur, tradition, or distinctiveness. Here are a few you shouldn’t miss: La Patum de Berga Though not a correfoc in the traditional sense, La Patum is Catalonia’s ultimate fire festival, recognized as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Held during Corpus Christi, it’s a whirlwind of ancient figures—Turcs i Cavallets (Turks and little knights), Maces, Guites (folkloric “mules”), Àliga (eagle), Nans Vells (old dwarfs), Gegants (giants), and the striking Plens—dancing to the beat of the tabal drum amidst intense flames in Plaça de Sant Pere. It’s a singular, timeless experience. Correfoc of La Mercè (Barcelona) Part of Barcelona’s patron saint festivities around 24 September, the Correfoc of La Mercè is a highlight of the city’s celebrations. Via Laietana transforms into a vibrant torrent of sparks, smoke, and sound as dozens of devil gangs and fire beasts from across Catalonia, and beyond, converge. With both a children’s and an adrenaline-pumping adult version, it’s a spectacle like no other. The Aquelarre of Cervera Held on the last weekend of August in Cervera (Lleida), this festival delves into the realms of witchcraft and the occult. The correfoc is a standout event of the Aquelarre (Coven), featuring the dramatic descent of the Mascle Cabró from the bell tower and the involvement of numerous devil troupes in a mystical, boundary-pushing atmosphere. It leans more theatrical and thematic compared to other correfocs. Festa Major of Vilafranca del Penedès Regarded as one of Catalonia’s most comprehensive and time-honoured festivals (around August 30, Saint Felix), it boasts a historic Ball de Diables and an exceptionally dynamic correfoc. The fierce blaze of the fire, enthusiastic crowd participation, and integration with other vibrant local traditions (castellers (human towers), dragons, etc.) create an electrifying experience. Santa Tecla Correfoc (Tarragona) The Santa Tecla festivities (around 23 September) are a vibrant celebration of Catalan culture. The correfoc, featuring the Dragon, the Ox, the Víbria (female dragon), and numerous local devil groups, is a highlight, transforming the city’s Upper Part into a fiery, festive spectacle. Joining the Correfoc: Tips and Safety Ready to dive into the correfoc experience? That’s the spirit! To enjoy the celebration safely, follow these essential guidelines: Dress appropriately: Opt for old cotton clothing (avoid synthetics, which can melt), including long sleeves, long pants, a hat or scarf, and closed-toe shoes like trainers or boots. Shield your eyes: Safety goggles are highly recommended. Respect the performers: Never grab or tug at the devils or fire beasts. Maintain distance: If you prefer not to dance under the sparks, stay in safer zones or behind barriers. Watch over kids: Keep children close, away from the fire’s front line, and ensure they’re properly dressed. Many correfocs offer gentler children’s versions. Follow instructions: Listen to the organizers and devil troupes for a smooth experience. Correfocs are a vibrant expression of living culture, a communal ritual that bridges generations and pulses with boundless energy. From their medieval roots, this fiery tradition illuminates Catalonia’s streets, inviting you to surrender to the heat of the flames and the beat of the drums in a truly unforgettable moment. Seek out the next major festival and experience the blazing magic of Catalan correfocs for yourself. Do you dare?